VYATKA / KIROV
БЯАТКА / КИРОВ
History |
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The first
reliable information about the city of Vyatka dates from 1374. The
area around the city of Vyatka (now Kirov) came under the rule of Moscow in
1489 and formed the base for the expansion of Russia towards the Urals. In 1710 it became a province of
the Siberian governorate and in 1727 of the Kazan governorate. In 1780 it
became an independent namestnichestvo
(vice-kingdom), consisting of parts of the provinces of Vyatka and Svijazjsk
of the Kazan government. In 1796 the namestnitsjestvo
was upgraded to the Vjatka government. After the
Russian Revolution, the Russian Civil War also broke out in the area around
Vyatka. The first fights broke out on 8 August 1918. In November the
area was in the hands of the Bolsheviks. In the spring of 1919, White Army General Kolchak reconquered a number
of cities. In May 1919 the Red Army invaded the area again and on July
28 the area was finally in the hands of the Communists and became part of
Bolshevik Russia. However, the area suffered badly from the ongoing civil war
and a major famine broke out from 1921 to 1922, followed by a typhoid
epidemic at the end of 1922. This doubled the death rate. After the end of
the war, the New Economic Policy was used with, among other things, free
entrepreneurship to rebuild the region. However, the area remained a backward
agricultural area. In 1929,
during the administrative reforms, the area ceased to exist and became the Oblast
Vjatka as a part of the Nizhny Novgorod Kraj, which was renamed Gorki Kraj in
1932 by the name change from Nizhny Novgorod (later Nizhny Novgorod Oblast)
). In 1934, Vyatka was renamed Kirov and the Vyatka oblast was renamed the
independent Kirov Kraj, which in December 1936 was renamed the current Kirov
Oblast (after the murdered Soviet leader Sergey Kirov).[1] In the governorate’s area
were situated most parts of modern Kirov Oblast and Udmurt
Republic. |
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Heraldry |
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The first
emblem of the city known showed a bow and arrow. It is on the seal of Ivan the
Terrible dated 1556 Emblem on the
Seal of Ivan the Terible, 1556 Emblem: A longbow-and-arrow pointing to dexter base. Legend: ПЕЧАТЬ ВАТЬЦКЯА |
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In the 17th century the arm coming from the cloud
reappeared: The arms of Vjatka
in the Tsarski Tituliarnik (1672) Arms: Or, an arms issuant from the dexter tensing
a longbow proper, in dexter chief a square cross patée pommelly Gules Legend: ВАТЦКÏЙ Arms of Vyatka at
the end of the 17th century In 1781, Catherine
the Great made
Vyatka the seat of Vyatka
Governorate. A coat of
arms for the city was adopted on 28 May 1781. It was Вяатской
Губерніи Arms: Or, an arm tensing a longbow and
arrow pointing to dexter base, dressed Gules, the hand proper, issuing from a
cloud on the sinister Azure, in chief a square cross patée of the second. Landscape of Vyatka Governorate with the Vyatka-virgin with the banner of the governorate
On a map, 1800 |
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A coat of
arms of Vyatka Governorate was granted on 8 Decemeber 1856: after H.G. Ströh Arms: Or, an arm tensing a
longbow-and-arrow dressed Gules, the hand proper, issuing from a cloud on the
sinister Azure, in dexter chief a square cross patée pomelly of the second. Crown: The Russian Imperial Crown Garland: Branches of oak Or, and a ribbon
and bow of the Order of St. Andrew Azure |
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Kirov |
1936-present |
Coat of arms of Kirov Oblast |
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Police |
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Kirov MVD coat
of arms Arms: Or,
an arm tensing a longbow-and-arrow dressed Gules, the hand Or, issuing from a
cloud on the sinister Azure, in dexter chief a square cross patée pomelly of
the second. Crest: The
achievement of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Motto: СЛУЖА ЗАКОНУ – СЛУЖИМ НАРОДУ (To Serve the Law - To Serve the People) in golden lettering on a blue
ribbon. |
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Kirov Riot
Police (ОМОН) Arms: Per
pale Or and Azure an arm dressed Or tensing a longbow-and-arrow Gules, the
string and the hand Or, issuing from a cloud on the sinister Argent, in
dexter chief a square cross patée pomelly Gules. Crest: The
achievement of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Supporters: Two
swords in saltire, hilts in chief Argent Motto: СЛУЖА ЗАКОНУ – СЛУЖИМ НАРОДУ (To Serve the Law - To Serve the People) in silver lettering on a blue
ribbon. |
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Kirov
Criminal Militia Arms: Per
pale Or and Sanguine, an arm dressed Or tensing a
longbow-and-arrow Sanguine, the string and the hand Or, issuing from a cloud
on the sinister Argent, in dexter chief a square cross patée pomelly of the
second and a bordure set with rivets Or. Crest: The
achievement of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Supporters: A sword per bend, hilt in chief Argent, the hilt Or. Motto: СЛУЖА ЗАКОНУ – СЛУЖИМ НАРОДУ (To Serve the Law - To Serve the People) in silver lettering on a
sanguine ribbon. [5] |
© Hubert de Vries 2019-08-14