KYRGYZSTAN
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In the 8th century
Arab invaders conquered Central Asia, including what is now Kyrgyzstan, and
introduced Islam. The Kyrgyz reached their greatest extension under the
leadership of Jordan the Superior, who defeated the Uyghur Khanate in 840
A.D. Then they quickly expanded as far as the Tian Shan range and maintained
their dominance over this territory for about 200 years. In the twelfth
century, however, the Kyrgyz domain had shrunk to the Altay Range and Sayan
Mountains as a result of the Mongol expansion. With the rise of the Mongol
Empire in the thirteenth century, the Kyrgyz migrated south. They were
defeated by Genghis Khan in 1207. In the next centuries the Kyrgyz were under
the rule of the Chagatai Khanate and its successors. Kyrgyz tribes
were overrun in the 17th century by the Mongol Oirats, in the mid-18th
century by the Manchu Qing Dynasty, and in the early 19th century by the
Uzbek Khanate of Kokand. In the late
nineteenth century, the largest part of today’s Kyrgyzstan was ceded to
Russia through two treaties between China and Russia. The territory, then
known in Russian as “Kirgizia”, was formally incorporated into the Russian
Empire in 1876 in which it became a part of the General Government
of Turkestan and its Semiryechensk
Territory. Soviet power
was established in the Turkestan region in 1919. Within the Russian SFSR a
Kara-Kirghiz Autonomous Oblast (Кара-Киргизская
АО), was
created from the predominantly Kazakh and Kyrgyz parts of the Turkestan ASSR
on 14 October 1924. On 15 May 1925 it was renamed Kirghiz Autonomous Oblast.
On 11 February 1926 it was made the Kirghiz ASSR which on 5 December 1936
became the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic, one of the constituent
republics of the Soviet Union. After a coup on
19 August 1991, the Supreme Soviet of the Kyrghyz SSR voted for independence
from the Soviet Union on following 31 August, as the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. |
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Kyrghyz AO Kyrghyz ASSR |
14.10.1924
- 15.05.1925 15.05.1925
- 11.02-1926 11.02.1926
- 05.12.1936 |
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No emblems of
these ephemeral Oblasts and Republic are documented but probably the arms of
the RSFSR were used to which the name of the territory was added. |
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05.12.1936 -
31.08.1991 |
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Arms: A mountain ridge representing the TienShan behind which is a rising sun Gules, radiant Or, within a bordure Or, voided Azure and decorated with Kirgiz ornaments Or; in base a roundel also Or, voided Azure and with Kirgiz ornaments Or, charged with a hammer and sickle in saltire Gules. Garland: Branches of cotton on the dexter and ears of wheat on the sinister, proper, tied with a ribbon Gules decorated Or, on which is the Motto: BARDЬQ ӨLKӨLӨRDYN PROLETARLARЬ BIRIKKILE! / ПPOЛИETAPИИ
BCEX CTPAH COEДЙHЯTECЬ!, and the name QЬROЉZ S.S.R. in white lettering. By Constitution 23 March 1937, Art. 115 [1] |
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In 1940 a red
five-pointed star with golden outline was added as a crest and the mottoes and
the name were written in cyrillic: БAPДЫK
ӨЛKӨЛӨPДУH ПPOЛETAPЛAPЫ
БИPИKKИЛE! / ПPOЛИETAPИИ BCEX CTPAH
COEДЙHЯTECЬ! / KЫPГЫЗ
C.C.P. |
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Kyrghyz Respublikasi / Кыргыз
Республикасы |
31.08.1991
- present |
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The emblem of Kyrgyzstan
was adopted on 14 January 1994 following the dissolution of the Soviet Union
on 2 June 1992. The emblem is: Emblem: A mountain ridge and fields Azure and
Or, in chief a rising sun radiant Or, in base an eagle wings spread Azure and Argent. Garland: Branches of cotton and ears of wheat,
Or and Argent, in chief КЫРГЫЗ and in base РЕСПУБЛИКАСЫ in white lettering Backshield: A blue disc. The mountain
ridge is the Tien Shan mountain ridge. The colour light blue is valued by the
Kyrghyz as the colour of courage and generosity. In the emblem
the eagle is meant to support the land(scape). Mountain ridge
and garland are borrowed from the earlier emblems. The hammer and sickle
however are replaced by an eagle, thus replacing the workers and peasants by the
Kyrghyz people as a whole. The red
colour of socialism is abandoned altogether and replaced by the favoured
colour of the Kyrghyz people. ð See illustration in the head of this
essay |
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Presidential Seal & Flag |
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Presidential
Seal The Presidential
Seal shows the national emblem in changed colours and legend, the legend
reading КЫРГЫЗ
РЕСПУБЛИКАСЫ / ПPEЗИДEHTИ (President of the of Kyrghyz Republic).
The presidential flag was
approved on 10 May 2003 and was hoisted for the first time on 14 August 2005
at the occasion of the inauguration of president Kurmanbek Bakiyev. The flag is red
with a narrow yellow bordure and golden fringes and charged in the middle
with the presidential seal |
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The provisions about the seal and the banner of the Armed Forces read as follows:
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The roundel of the Kyrghyz Air Force is a red disc of the central part of the national flag consisting of a sun radiant charged with the roof a a yurt or Turkic dwelling. |
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Cap Badge |
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© Hubert de Vries 2011.05.20. Updated 2012-07-25
Heraldry of the World