SCHUAMBURG-LIPPE
Schaumburg-Lippe
was formed after the 30-Years War, when count Otto V of Schaumburg died without
issue. The older and larger county Schaumburg went to his mother, countess
Elisabeth as the only legal heir, who in 1643 transferred her rights to her
brother, Philipp zur Lippe-Alverdissen, with whom she ruled as a coregent
until her death in 1646. In this period the county of Schaumburg began to be
divided: the county Pinneberg (in Holstein) was transferred to the King of
Denmark, the lordship Bergen (in Holland) was sold, Gehmen (in Westphalia)
was transferred to the count of Limburg, and the county of Sternberg fell to
Lippe. Finally in 1647, after many territorial demands made
by neighboring states, the Landgrave of Hessen and count Phillip zur
Lippe-Alverdissen decided to divide the county Schaumburg.
Braunschweig-Lüneburg took the communities Lauenau, Mesmerode, and Bokeloh.
Hessen received the community Schaumburg and Rodenberg (which together
included the towns of Rinteln, Obernkirchen, Rodenberg and Oldendorf), as
well as a part of the community Sachsenhagen; this area in Hessen was called the
Kreis Grafschaft Schaumburg. The remaining area, including the
communities Bückeburg, Arensburg, Stadthagen, Hagenburg, and part of
Sachsenhagen, formed the new county of Schaumburg-Lippe. With Wilhelm's
death in 1777 the junior Schaumburg-Lippe-Alverdissen inherited the county
thereby reuniting Schaumburg-Lippe with Lippe-Alverdissen. Schaumburg-Lippe
was a county until 1807 when it became a principality. From 1871 it was a
state within the German Empire. In 1913, it was the smallest state in the
German Empire in terms of population. The capital was Bückeburg, and
Stadthagen was the only other town. Under the constitution of 1868, there was
a legislative diet of 15 members, 10 elected by the towns and rural districts
and 1 each by the nobility, clergy and educated classes, the remaining 2
nominated by the prince. Schaumburg-Lippe sent one member to the Bundesrat
(federal council) and one deputy to the Reichstag. It lasted until
the end of the German monarchies when on 15 November 1918, Prince Adolf II abdicated
and the principality became the Free State of Schaumburg-Lippe (Freistaat Schaumburg-Lippe) headed by a Minister President. It was
a part of the Weimar Republic. The democratic government was suppressed
during Nazi rule. At the end of World War II the British military occupation
government decreed on 1 November 1946 the union of Schaumburg-Lippe,
Hannover, Braunschweig, and Oldenburg to form the new state of Niedersachsen.
In this state Schaumburg became a district (Landkreis). |
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Seal of Adolf XI
of Schauenburg (†1601), 1586 [1] Arms: ¼ 1& 4 Sternberg: Gules, an
eight-pointed star Or; 2&3 Gemen: Or, a fess Gules, charged with 3 pals
Argent; in nombril point: Schaumburg: Argent a bordure indented Gules Crests: An eight-pointed star between a pair of
horns; seven pennons of Schaumburg between two piles crested with peacocks’
feathers; a pair of wings charged with a rose. The arms
of Gemen are
documented by the 14th century Armorial de Gelre (Fol. 110, n° 1640): Die He
v. Ghemen: Or, a
fess Gules charged with three pals Argent. Crest: A pair of wings per fess
Argent and Sable. [2] |
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Sealed envelope of count Ernst, 1620 [3] Arms: ¼ 1& 4 Sternberg: Gules, an eight-pointed
star Or on its upper point a bird perched proper; 2&3 Gemen: Or, a fess
Gules, charged with 3 pals Argent; in nombril point: Schaumburg: Argent a
bordure indented Gules |
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The rulers of Schaumburg-Lippe and their Arms |
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Philipp |
1643-1681 |
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1st Count
of Schaumburg-Lippe and progenitor of the Schaumburg-Lippe-Alverdissen line On his
seal he at first combined the arms of Schaumburg and Lippe: Sealed letter of Philipp I, 1647 Arms:
Alliance: D.: ¼
1& 4 Sternberg: Gules, an eight-pointed star Or on its upper point a bird
perched proper; 2&3 Gemen: Or, a fess Gules, charged with 3 pals Argent;
in nombril point: Schaumburg: Argent a bordure indented Gules. S.: ¼:
Lippe: Argent, a rose Gules buttoned and slipped Or, and Sternberg. Crests: 1.Schaumburg: Seven pennons of
the arms of Schaumburg between two piles crested with a bunch of peacock’s
feathers, 2.: Lippe: The rose of the arms between a pair of wings; 3. Gemen:
A pair of wings per fess Argent and Sable. 4. Sternberg: The star of the arms
between a pair of horns. [5] From 1662
a new coat of arms appeared on seals: Arms: ¼ Lippe and Sternberg; in
nombril point Schaumburg Crests: 1. Schaumburg, D.: Lippe, S.: Sternberg. [6] Arms of Philipp of Schaumburg-Lippe in Bückeburg Castle, 1670 (after Veddeler) |
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Friedrich-Christian |
1681-1728 |
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Arms of Friedrich-Christian and
his wife. Engraving by William Hogarth, 1723 (54Í76 mm, British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings) |
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Albrecht-Wolfgang |
1728-1748 |
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Wilhelm Friedrich Ernst |
1748-1777 |
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Died without issue 1/3 Thaler Fein
Silber, 1761 Arms: ¼ of Lippe and Sternberg with E.
Schaumburg. Crests: 1.:Schaumburg, D.: Lippe; S. Sternberg Order:
Collar and Cross
of the Schwarzen Adlerorden (Prussia,
1701) |
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Philipp-Ernst |
1777-1787 |
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Younger
Schaumburg-Lippe-Alverdissen line, great-grandson of Philipp |
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Juliane
Wilhelmine Louise Landgräfin von Hessen-Philippsthal |
1787-1799 |
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Coregent,
wife of Philipp-Ernst |
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Johann Ludwig Reichsgraf von Wallmoden-Gimborn |
1787-1807 |
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Coregent,
then regent, guardian of Georg-Wilhelm who follows 1 Marien Gros, 1802 Arms: Schaumburg, charged with an
escutcheon Lippe. Crown: Of a Count |
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Georg-Wilhelm |
1807-1860 |
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1st
Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe, son of Philipp-Ernst ½ Silbergroschen, 1858. Emblem:
A triangle
indented, three nails in the corners, charged with an escutcheon per fess
Argent and Gules, a rose Gules in chief. Crown:
A princely crown. |
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24 Einen Thaler, 1821 Arms: Schaumburg charged with an
escutcheon per fess Argent and Gules, the arms of Lippe in nombril point. Crown: A princely crown. |
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Smaller Achievement Zehn Thaler, 1829 Arms: ¼ Lippe & Schwalenberg; E.:
Schaumburg charged with and escutcheon per fess Argent and Gules. Mantling: Purpure line ermine, princely
crowned |
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Larger Achievement Fürst von Schaumburg-Lippe (from a collection of arms, 1854) Arms: ¼ Lippe & Schwalenberg; In
nombril point: Schaumburg charged with and escutcheon per fess Argent and
Gules. Supporters: Two Angels standing on a platform
proper Mantling: Purpure, fringed and tasseled Or,
lined ermine, princely crowned Ein Vereinsthaler, 1860 |
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Adolf-Georg |
1860-1893 |
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Larger Achievement (I) Ein Vereinsthaler, 1865 Arms: ¼ Lippe & Sternberg/Schwalenberg;
In nombril point: Schaumburg charged with and escutcheon per fess Argent and
Gules. Crests: Schaumburg; D.: Lippe; S.: Schwalenberg Supporters: Two Angels standing on a platform
proper Motto: NOLI
ME TANGERE (Don’t
Touch Me) The motto
is from John 20, vs.17 and was
said by Jesus to Maria Magdalena on the morning of his resurrection: “Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not; for
I am not yet ascended to my Father: but go to my brethren, and say unto them,
I ascend unto my Father, and your Father; and to my God, and your
God.” |
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Larger Achievement (II) Drawing by R. Otto Arms: ¼ Lippe & Schwalenberg; E.:
Schaumburg charged with and escutcheon per fess Argent and Gules. Crests: 1.: Schaumburg; D.: Lippe; S.: Schwalenberg/Sternberg Order:
Schaumburg-Lippischer
Hausorden (1869) Supporters: Two Angels holding palm-leaves,
standing on an ornament, all proper Mantling: Purpure, fringed and tasseled Or,
lined ermine, princely crowned [7] Cross and ribbon of the Schaumburg-Lippischer Hausorden |
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Georg |
1893-1911 |
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Larger Achievement (II) From: Ströhl, Hugo Gerard:
Deutsche Wappenrolle. Stuttgart, 1897 |
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A new set of coats of arms and
achievements was adopted in 1904.[8]
The decree reads:
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A |
B |
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Das Kleine Fürstlich Schaumburg-Lippische Staatswappen |
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Das Mittlere Fürstlich
Schaumburg-Lippische Staatswappen |
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Das Grosse Fürstlich
Schaumburg-Lippische Staatswappen. |
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Adolf II |
1911-1918 |
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Abdicated 15 November 1918 The larger, medial and smaller arms version
A maintained for the princely family |
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1918-1946 |
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By the Freestate the Princely arms were abandoned
as the Schaumburg-Lippe princely family continued their use. The smaller arms
B, without a crown, were readopted by the Freestate. In this drawing by Otto
Hupp, a crown of five fleurs-de-lys was added however. [9] |
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In 1946 the former
principality of Schaumburg-Lippe constituted the Kreis Schaumburg-Lippe,
until the Kreisreform of 1 August 1977, when it joined with the Kreis
Grafschaft Schaumburg to form the current Landkreis Schaumburg. [10] |
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Landkreis Grafschaft Schaumburg |
Landkreis Schaumburg-Lippe (1948) |
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Landkreis Schaumburg (1977-present) |
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© Hubert de Vries 2012-07-03; Updated
2018-09-14
[1] Seal of
Adolf XI (XIV.) von Schauenburg († 1601) from 1576 Count in Pinneberg. He was
the eldes son of Otto IV. von
Holstein-Schaumburg (* 1517; † 21. December 1576 in Bückeburg) ruling count of Schaumburg also of Holstein-Pinneberg. The seal dates from
about 1586. From: Siegel des Mittelalters aus den Archiven der
Stadt Lübeck vom Verein für Lübecksche Geschichte und Alterthumskunde
(Lübeck 1862-1865)
[2] Adam-Even, P.A.: Armorial
Universel du Heraut Gelre, 1370-1395. In: Archives Heraldiques
Suisses, 1968. pp. 70-83. A modern version however shows: Argent, a fess Gules
charged with three pals Or; Crest: A pair of wings of the arms.
[4] Genealogical info: http://www.genealogy.net/reg/NSAC/SLP/
[5] Veddeler, Peter: Die
Lippische Rose. Entstehen und Entwicklung des Lippischen Wappens bis zur
Gegenwart. Veröffentlichungen der Staatlichen Archive des Landes
Nordrhein-Westfalen. Reihe C. Quellen und Forschungen, Bd. 6. Detmold, 1978. P. 45. Seal: StA Detmold, L 7 E Sect. I Nr. 14a, L 7 F
Sect. V Nr. 6.
[6] Veddeler op. cit., p. 46. On seals
[7] From: Der Deutsche Herold, 1888, nr. 3.
[8] From: Der DEutsche Herold, 1904, pp. 140-141.
[9] Rheude, L.: Die Wappen der Deutschen Freistaaten. In: Der Deutsche Herold, 1924 pp. 31-34.
[10] Stadler, Klemens: Deutsche
Wappen. Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Band 1. Die Landkreiswappen. Angelsachsen
Verlag. Bremen, 1964. (101 pp. ill.) Köhler, Joseph & Hans Tiedeken: Die
Deutschen Landkreise. Wappen, Geschichte, Struktur. Günther Olzog Verlag,
München, 1986.