TAJIKISTAN • TOÇIKISTON
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Tajikistan is a part of former Turkestan General Government and its successor Uzbekistan. It was formed as the Tajik Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic in 1924 and became a separate republic of the Soviet Union in 1929. From September 1991 it is a sovereign and independent republic. In the south is the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Territory. Capital: Dushanbe. |
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14.10.1924-16.12.1929
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The Tajik ASSR was
formed as the eastern part of the Uzbek SSR. The 1927 Uzbek constitution made
a provision for the Tajik Persian language to appear besides the Uzbek and
Russian mottoes on its coat of arms: Hama-ye
prolētārhā-ye donyā yak-šavēd! (All proletarians
of the world, unite!) and the state initials J. Š. E.
Ūz. (Jomhūrīyat-e Šūrāhā-ye
Ejtemā’ī-e Ūzbakestān). [1]. It was omitted in 1931 because by then
Tajikistan had become a Republic of the Soviet Union independent of
Uzbekistan. [2]
Picture:
Roberto Breschi The first arms consisted
of a crescent Or and a five-pointed star charged with a landscape with a
snowy mountain and a rising sun, all proper, recharged with a hammer (bālga) and local sickle (dās).
Around the star but within the crescent is a garland of a branch of cotton
and ears of wheat. The motto reads
Prolētārhā-ye hama-ye jehān
yak-šavēd in latin and Perso-Arabic
script on both sides of the upper point of the star and “PROLETORHOJI HAMAJI ÇAHON JAK ŞAVED!” between the lower points of it.
The inscriptions appear in both Russian and Tajik Persian. On the crescent is
written: “çumhūrijati
suµsiolistiji şuµraviji muxtori toçikston” in Perso-Arabic script; JOMHŪRĪYAT-E
EJTEMĀ?Ī-E ŠŪRAWĪ-E MO?TĀR-E
TĀJĪKESTĀN (or:
CUMHURIJATI IRTIMOIJI SURAVIJI MUXTORI TOCIKISTAN) in latin script, and ТАДЖИКСКАЯ
АВТОНОМНАЯ СОВЕТСКАЯ
СОЦИАЛИСТИСЧЕСКАЯ
РЕСПУБЛИКА in Cyrillic. adopted by Constitution 28.04.1929
Picture: Habib Borjian Another version of the emblem
of 1929, the mottoes and titles
somewhat changed [3] |
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16.12.1929 - 09.09.1991 |
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1st
achievement adopted by decree of 26.05.1936.
Arms: A landscape showing the Pamir Mountains over
which the sun is rising; in chief the letters ç. s. s. toçikiston; in the valley on the foreground are
buildings and works and a tractor riding towards two sheep on the sinister. Crest: A five-pointed star Or, voided Gules. Garland: Branches of cotton and ears of wheat, tied
with a ribbon Gules, its bow charged with a hammer and sickle in saltire Or. Motto: On the dexter ribbon: Proletarhoji hamaji
mamlakalho jak saved!; on the sinister ribbon: ПPOЛИETAPИИ BCEX CTPAH
COEДЙHЯTECЬ!, in golden lettering. [4] |
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2nd
achievement adopted by Constitution of 1 III 1937, art. 129
Arms: A five-pointed star Gules, charged with a
hammer and sickle in saltire Or, in base a rising un radiant proper. Garland: Branches of cotton an ears of wheat proper. Motto: On the dexter ribbon: Proletarhoji hamaji
mamlakalho jak saved; in base: Ç. S. S.Toçikiston and TAДЖИKCKAЯ C.C.P.; on the sinister ribbon: ПPOЛИETAPИИ BCEX CTPAH
COEДЙHЯTECЬ!, all in golden lettering. |
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3rd
achievement adopted by Constitution of 1946, art. 131
Arms: A five-pointed star Gules, charged with a
hammer and sickle in saltire Or, in base a rising un radiant proper. Garland: Branches of cotton an ears of wheat proper. Motto: On the dexter winding: ПPOЛETAPXOИ XAMAИ KAMЛAKATXO ЯK
ШABEД!: in base: PCC
Tочикистон /
Taджиkckaя C.C.P.; on the sinister winding: ПPOЛИETAPИИ BCEX CTPAH COEДЙHЯTECЬ!, all in white lettering. Section
131 of the Tajik Constitution reads: Государственный
герб Таджкской
Советской
Социлистической
Республики
состоит из
изображения
на пятиконечкой
звезды, в верхней
части которой
изображены
серп и молот в
лучах солнца.
Пятиконечная
звезда обрамлена
венцом, составленним
справа из
колосьев
пшеницы слева
из веток
хлопчатника
с раскрытыми
коробочками.
Сверху венец
перевит
лентой с надписью:: «Пролетарии
всех стран
соединяйтесь!»;
на таджиском
и русском
языках. В нижнем
секторе круга,
образуемого
венцом, лента
с надписью «Таджкская
ССР»; на таджиском
и русском
языках. Статья
131
Конституции
Таджкской ССР |
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09.09.1991
- present |
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In the
beginning the new republic still used its ancient emblem of 1946 but in 1992
a new emblem was adopted. It was:
Arms: Three mountains of Pamir Mountainridge Or,
topped Argent, issuing therefrom three bundles of rays and a lion passant
reguardant Or. Crest: a crown of three points, on the central
point a pillar with a ball on top, and an arch of seven five-pointed stars. Garland: Ears of wheat, tied up with a ribbon of the national flag being
white between narrow breadths red and green. adopted 24.11.1992 |
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2nd achievement,
approved by decree of the Tajik Majlis Oli of 11.12.1999 The achievement is: Arms: Three mountains of Pamir Mountainridge Azure,
topped Argent issuing therefrom a rising sun Or, its rays charged with a crown
of three points, on the central point a pillar with a ball on top, and an
arch of seven five-pointed stars. Garland: Branches of cotton and ears of wheat,
tied up with a ribbon of the national flag being red, white and green, in
base an open book proper. ğ see illustration
in the head of this essay |
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Previous to
1895, the area that today constitutes Gorno-Badakhshan province consisted of
several semi-self governing statelets, including Darwaz, Shughnun-Rushan and Wakhan,
who ruled over territories that today are part of Gorno-Badakhshan province
in Tajikistan and Badakhshan
Province in Afghanistan. The region was claimed by the Chinese and Russian
empires and the Emirate of Afghanistan. The Qing rulers of China claimed
control of the entire Pamir Mountains, but Qing military units only
controlled the passes just east of Tashkorgan
Town. In the 1890s Chinese, Russian and Afghan governments signed a
series of agreements that divided Badakhshan, but the Chinese continued to
contest these borders until it signed a 2002 agreement with the government of
Tajikistan Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous
Territory was created
in January 1925 and it was attached to Tajik SSR (Soviet Socialist Republic)
after the republic's creation in 1929. During the 1950s native inhabitants of
Gorno-Badakhshan, including many ethnic Pamiris, were forcibly relocated to
southwestern Tajikistan. ha calls for independence and Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Territory remains an autonomous province
within Tajikistan.
Flag
of the Oppositional Groups in the Tajikistan Civil War [5] No emblem or flag
of its own is known from the Gorno Badakshshan Autonomous Territory. |
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© Hubert de Vries
2011-04-28
Heraldry of the World